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راز چسبندگی اویسترها کشف شد

PostDateIconچهارشنبه ۳۱ شهریور ۱۳۸۹ ساعت ۱۹:۳۴ | PostAuthorIconنوشته شده توسط سيد مرتضي امامي | PDF | چاپ | نامه الکترونیک

قابلیت صدف های اویستر در چسبیدن به یکدیگر و به بستر، مدت ها بود که فکر دانشمندان را به خود مشغول کرده بود. بالاخره دانشمندان دانشگاه Purde ایالت ایندیانا در اویسترامریکا به راز این ماده شیمیایی پی بردند. نتیجه این پژوهش در شناور سازی، صیادی و داروسازی نقش مهمی ایفا میکند.

داشتن اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این که صدف اویستر چگونه به محیط اطراف خود می چسبد، پرورش دهندگان صدف را کمک میکند تا بدون آسیب به محیط زیست به پرورش آن بپردازند. همچنین دانشمندان را به ساختن ماده چسبنده طبیعی در علوم پزشکی نزدیک تر میکند. جاناتان ویلکر استاد دانشگاه Purde در رشته مهندسی شیمی و مواد که مسئولیت تیم تحقیق را بر عهده دارد میگوید: "شناسایی ماده چسبنده اویسترها ارزش فراوانی در داروسازی و دندانپزشکی دارد. مثلا میتوان از ترکیبات مشابه آن برای چسباندن مواد مختلف در دهان استفاده کرد و دیگر نیازی به سوراخ کردن بافت زنده بدن و ایجاد زمینه برای عفونت نباشد."

وی افزود: "از آنجایی که این ماده چسبنده غالبا از صدف جاندار ترشح میشود، مشخص میشود که صدف آن را صرفا برای چسبیدن به محیط اطراف خود ترشح میکند. این کار برای محافظت جاندار در برابر تحریک های محیطی و تولید مثل انجام میشود"

ماده شیمیایی چسبنده ترشح شده توسط اویستر، از مواد چسبنده بارناکل ها (کشتی چسب ها) و دیگر صدف ها قوی تر است. ترکیب آن بیشتر مواد معدنی است و 10 درصد پروتئین را نیز داراست. احتمالا عنصر آهن نیز نقش ویژه ای را در این ترکیب بازی میکند.آلودگی های زیست محیطی و صید بی رویه باعث شده که جمعست اویستر ها از سال 1800 تا کنون بیش از 98 درصد کاهش یابد. بسیاری از مردم در حال بازسازی ذخایر موجودات مختلف در جهان هستند و این پژوهش قدمی بزرگ برای تکثیر این موجود ارزشمند در محیط دریایی است.

 

ترجمه شده از :

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/09/100920142602.htm

 

 

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